How interpretation occurs ​

• You read the text based on your experience of useful interpretations of similar expressions. You automatically discard a certain number of possible interpretations; there are quite a few interpretations for each separate phrase, but for the text as a whole, there are fewer (each subsequent phrase filters out a multitude of interpretations of the previous one). Then you choose from the remaining interpretations. Most likely, you also imagine some sense of what is written.
• You extract the implicit way of interpretation from the context surrounding the description.
• You manage somehow, but you don't track how exactly. In the case of a map — if you look at it without a legend, you will most likely somehow read it (very basically, at the level of "farther — closer"), and maybe understand it better later. But you are unlikely to think about what exactly you did and how you did it.

When the instructions for interpretation are not explicitly given, the interpretation usually happens very quickly or does not happen at all.

The instruction for interpretation may not be given explicitly to you, but it may be explicitly given to your neighbor. This is how the transmission of encrypted messages works. And I'm not just talking about the commonly accepted concept of a cipher and its use. It also happens that initially no instructions were given to anyone, but someone from the previous messages and context has already derived it, while someone did not, and the speaker knows who.

You can surely imagine how something similar happens in the context of your professional activity — when two different employees react very differently to the same phrase addressed to a group of people. They do not have a clear instruction that has been clearly discussed among everyone on how to interpret a particular message, so each interprets/deciphers the message (and then reacts to it) based on their own context.

In almost all cases, oral speech has to be interpreted as needed: people, speaking in a natural language or in the language of the semantic community they are in, do not issue instructions on how they should be understood. On the contrary, when people issue such instructions, it often sounds unusual. For example: "I would like you to do X, and when I say X, I mean...".